Figure 2
From: Disruption of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL by viral proteins as a possible cause of cancer
EBV interaction with the Bcl family. BHRF1 is the viral structural and functional homologue of the human proto-oncogene Bcl-2 and is able to blockcell death through repression of pro-apoptotic proteins BIM, PUMA, and BID and upregulation of Bcl-2 [15, 21]. Activated BARF1 upregulates Bcl-2 protein levels [15]. LMP-1 upregulates Bcl-2 expression through the NF-κB/c-JNK/AP-1 pathway, while LMP2A increases expression of Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 through the Ha-Ras, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB and Raf/MEK/ERK pathways, respectively [15]. BZLF1 represses CD74 and p65 resulting in downregulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression [15]. EBER1 and EBER2 allow c-MYC to stimulate oncogenesis and inhibit apoptosis [15].