Table 3 Subgroup analyses of the association between baseline HPV-18 serostatus and HPV-18 incident detection
HPV-18 | Subgroup | Females | Males | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Na | Estimates [95%CI], I2b | p-valuec | Na | Estimates [95%CI], I2b | p-valuec | ||
(A) Primary outcomes | |||||||
Incident detection |  | 7 | 0.97 [0.83–1.13], 0% | NA | 3 | 1.15 [0.72–1.83], 0% | NA |
Persistent detection | 6 months | 3 | 0.84 [0.45–1.58], 70% | 0.99 | 1 | 0.19 [0.03–1.28], NA | NA |
12 months | 4 | 0.84 [0.62–1.15], 0% | NA | ||||
Stratified by HIV status | HIV negative | 1 | 0.15 [0.02–1.16], NA | 0.12 | 1 | 1.10 [0.40–3.06], NA | 0.37 |
HIV positive | 2 | 0.41 [0.08–2.03], 66% | 1 | 2.30 [0.73–7.22], NA | |||
(B) Subgroup analysis for incident detection | |||||||
Detection site | Cervical | 7 | 0.97 [0.83–1.13], 0% | NA | NA | 0.26 | |
Penile/scrotal | NA | 2 | 0.93 [0.55–1.58], 0% | ||||
Anal | NA | 1 | 1.50 [0.79–2.86], NA | ||||
Oral | NA | NA | |||||
Sexual orientation (among men)d | MSM | NA | 2 | 1.42 [0.78–2.61], 0% | 0.71 | ||
MSW | 1 | 1.01 [0.51–2.01], NA | |||||
MSWM | 1 | 1.02 [0.41–2.56], NA | |||||
Age group e |  ≤ 30 years old | 2 | 0.95 [0.68–1.31], 0% | 0.65 | 1 | 1.83 [0.18–18.39], NA | NA |
 > 30 years old | 4 | 0.61 [0.25–1.48], 71% | NA | ||||
(C) Sensitivity analysis for incident detection | |||||||
Crude versus adjusted | Crude | 5 | 1.00 [0.80–1.26], 0% | 0.67 | 1 | 1.83 [0.18–28.39], NA | 0.69 |
Adjusted | 2 | 0.94 [0.77–1.16], 0% | 2 | 1.13 [0.69–1.85], 29% | |||
Reported versus self-calculated | Reported | 3 | 0.93 [0.76–1.13], 0% | 0.45 | 3 | 1.15 [0.72–1.83], 0% | NA |
Self-calculated | 4 | 1.05 [0.82–1.33], 0% | NA | ||||
Measure type | IRR | 2 | 0.94 [0.78–1.14], 0% | 0.67 | 1 | 1.83 [0.18–28.39], NA | 0.67 |
HR | 1 | 0.95 [0.59–1.52], NA | 2 | 1.13 [0.69–1.85], 29% | |||
RR | 3 | 116 [0.82–1.64], 0% | NA | ||||
OR | 1 | 0.80 [0.44–1.46], NA | NA | ||||
Serologic assayf | Neutralizing | 1 | 1.02 [0.64–1.63], NA | 0.83 | NA | NA | |
Non-neutralization | 6 | 0.96 [0.82–1.13], 0% | 3 | 1.15 [0.72–1.83], 0% | |||
DNA primerg | PGMY09/11 | 1 | 0.80 [0.44–1.46], NA | 0.44 | 1 | 1.83 [0.18–28.39], NA | 0.49 |
SPF10 | 4 | 0.94 [0.79–1.12], 0% | 1 | 1.50 [0.79–2.86], NA | |||
MY09/11 | 2 | 1.19 [0.82–1.72], 2% | NA | ||||
Length of follow up | 0–20 months | NA | 0.35 | 2 | 1.52 [0.2–2.83], 0% | 0.21 | |
20–60 months | 4 | 0.93 [0.78–1.11], 0% | NA | ||||
60+ months | 3 | 1.09 [0.82–1.46], 0% | 1 | 0.90 [0.53–1.55], NA | |||
Study quality | High | 1 | 0.80 [0.44–1.46], NA | 0.51 | NA | NA | |
Medium | 6 | 0.98 [0.84–1.15], 0% | 3 | 1.15 [0.72–1.83], 0% | |||