From: HIV and cancer: a comparative retrospective study of Brazilian and U.S. clinical cohorts
 | INI (n = 36) | VCCC (n = 50) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N# | HR | 95% CI | Pvalue | aHR | 95% CI | Pvalue | N# | HR | 95% CI | Pvalue | aHR | 95% CI | Pvalue | |
Female sex (ref = male) | 36 | 1.3 | 0.6-2.5 | 0.46 | 1.4 | 0.7-2.7 | 0.31 | 50 | 0.6 | 0.3-1.2 | 0.15 | 0.7 | 0.3-1.6 | 0.38 |
HIV transmission risk categories | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
MSM (ref) | 6 | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 28 | 1.0 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
IDU | 1 | 3.3 | 0.4-26.2 | 0.26 | Â | Â | Â | 4 | 0.6 | 0.2-1.7 | 0.33 | Â | Â | Â |
Heterosexual males | 10 | 2.4 | 0.9-6.6 | 0.09 | Â | Â | Â | 8 | 1.0 | 0.4-2.1 | 0.94 | Â | Â | Â |
Heterosexual females | 15 | 2.5 | 1.0-6.5 | 0.06 | Â | Â | Â | 5 | 0.4 | 0.1-0.9 | 0.03 | Â | Â | Â |
All others | 4 | 6.9 | 2.0-24.0 | <0.01 | Â | Â | Â | 5 | 0.7 | 0.3-1.7 | 0.41 | Â | Â | Â |
Age at clinic entry (per 10Â years) | 36 | 2.4 | 1.9-3.1 | <0.01 | 2.4 | 1.9-3.1 | <0.01 | 50 | 2.3 | 1.8-2.8 | <0.01 | 2.2 | 1.7-2.7 | <0.01 |
Non-white race (ref = white) | 36 | 0.7 | 0.3-1.4 | 0.26 |  |  |  | 50 | 0.6 | 0.4-1.1 | 0.13 |  |  |  |
CD4+ lymphocyte count nadir (cells/μL)§ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
≥200 (ref) | 14 | 1.0 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 19 | 1.0 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |
<200 | 22 | 1.3 | 0.3-2.2 | 0.42 | 1.3 | 0.7-2.6 | 0.45 | 29 | 2.0 | 1.1-3.6 | 0.02 | 1.7 | 0.9-3.1 | 0.11 |
Missing | 0 | - | - | - | - | Â | - | 2 | 1.4 | 0.3-5.9 | 0.67 | 1.06 | 0.2-4.6 | 0.94 |
CD4+ lymphocyte count (cells/μL)§ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
≥500 (ref) | 12 | 1.0 |  |  |  |  |  | 11 | 1.0 |  |  |  |  |  |
350-499 | 10 | 1.5 | 0.7-3.6 | 0.33 | Â | Â | Â | 3 | 0.5 | 0.1-1.9 | 0.33 | Â | Â | Â |
<350 | 11 | 1.3 | 0.6-2.9 | 0.56 | Â | Â | Â | 19 | 1.9 | 0.9-3.9 | 0.10 | Â | Â | Â |
Missing | 3 | 0.4 | 0.1-1.6 | 0.20 | Â | Â | Â | 17 | 0.8 | 0.4-1.7 | 0.57 | Â | Â | Â |
Log10 HIV-1 RNA level (per unit)§ | 27 | 0.6 | 0.4-1.1 | 0.08 |  |  |  | 33 | 1.0 | 0.7-1.3 | 0.83 |  |  |  |
Cumulative time of log10 HIV RNA ≥ 5.0 (per 6 months)§ | 36 | 0.8 | 0.6-1.2 | 0.31 |  |  |  | 50 | 0.9 | 0.7-1.2 | 0.52 |  |  |  |
Year of clinic enrollment | 36 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.1 | 0.84 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.1 | 0.96 | 50 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.1 | 0.77 |
Hepatitis C virus infection | 34 | 2.0 | 0.9-4.7 | 0.10 | Â | Â | Â | 50 | 1.3 | 0.7-2.7 | 0.41 | Â | Â | Â |
Hepatitis B virus infection | 32 | 0.5 | 0.1-3.5 | 0.47 | Â | Â | Â | 50 | 1.2 | 0.4-3.4 | 0.68 | Â | Â | Â |
History of tobacco use | 16 | 1.1 | 0.4-3.0 | 0.83 | Â | Â | Â | 29 | 1.6 | 0.7-3.8 | 0.25 | Â | Â | Â |
Cancer prior to clinic entry | 36 | 3.7 | 0.9-15.6 | 0.07 | 3.1 | 0.8-12.8 | 0.12 | 50 | 4.3 | 1.7-10.9 | <0.01 | 2.2 | 0.8-6.1 | 0.14 |
ART exposure prior to clinic entry | 36 | 1.5 | 0.8-3.0 | 0.23 | Â | Â | Â | 50 | 1.6 | 0.9-2.8 | 0.09 | Â | Â | Â |