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Table 1 Comparison of demographic characteristics of study participants from the JCS (1995 – 2016)

From: HPV types 16/18 L1 E6 and E7 proteins seropositivity and cervical cancer risk in HIV-positive and HIV-negative black South African women

Characteristics

Total (N = 3878)

N (%)

Cervical cancer Cases (N = 1346)

n (%)

Controls (N = 2532)

n (%)

Comparison of cases and controls

p value

Age

Median (IQR)

44 (38–48)

42 (37–46)

44 (39–50)

 < 0.001#

25–34

528 (13.6)

186 (13.8)

342 (13.5)

 < 0.001$

35–44

1,631 (42.1)

693 (51.5)

938 (37.1)

 

45–54

1,719 (44.3)

467 (34.7)

1,252 (49.5)

 

Period of interview

1995–1999

255 (6.6)

133 (9.9)

122 (4.8)

 < 0.001

2000–2004

717 (18.5)

254 (18.9)

463 (18.3)

 

2005–2009

1,431 (36.9)

538 (40.0)

893 (35.3)

 

2010–2016

1,475 (38.0)

421 (31.3)

1,054 (41.6)

 

Number of sexual partners

0–1

269 (6.9)

78 (5.8)

191 (7.5)

 < 0.001

2–5

2,400 (61.9)

929 (69.0)

1,471 (58.1)

 

6+

505 (13.0)

192 (14.3)

313 (12.4)

 

Unknown

704 (18.2)

147 (10.9)

557 (22.0)

 

Parity

0

68 (1.8)

12 (0.9)

56 (2.2)

 < 0.001

1

632 (16.3)

174 (12.9)

458 (18.1)

 

2

1008 (26.0)

335 (24.9)

673 (26.6)

 

3

922 (23.8)

325 (24.2)

597 (23.6)

 

4+

1,090 (28.1)

473 (35.1)

617 (24.4)

 

Missing data

158 (4.1)

17 (2.0)

131 (5.2)

 

Marital Status

Never married

1,009 (26.0)

356 (26.5)

653 (25.8)

 < 0.001

Married

1,941 (50.1)

682 (50.7)

1,259 (49.7)

 

Previously married

919 (23.7)

303 (22.5)

616 (24.3)

 

Missing data

9 (0.2)

5 (0.4)

4 (0.2)

 

Place of Residence

Rural

317 (8.2)

150 (11.1)

167 (6.6)

 < 0.001

Urban

3,556 (91.7)

1,195 (88.8)

2,361 (93.3)

 

Missing data

5 (0.1)

1 (0.1)

4 (0.2)

 

HIV-status

Negative

2,535 (65.4)

670 (47.8)

1,865 (73.7)

 < 0.001

Positive

1,345 (34.6)

676 (50.2)

667 (26.3)

 

Education Level

None

278 (7.2)

128 (9.5)

150 (5.9)

0.016

Primary

903 (23.3)

358 (26.6)

545 (21.5)

 

Secondary and above

2,688 (69.3)

854 (63.5)

1,834 (72.4)

 

Missing data

9 (0.2)

6 (0.5)

3 (0.1)

 
  1. Controls are cancers unrelated to infection, Ever married includes widowed and divorced, IQR = Interquartile range, #p value for a t-test, $p value for the chi-squared test