Table 1 The interactions between viral factors and cellular targets via NF-κB pathway
From: The interplay between EBV and KSHV viral products and NF-κB pathway in oncogenesis
Virus | Viral Factor | Cellular Target | Mechanism/Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
LMP-1 | ID1 | Induction of ID1 suppresses p16INK4a and promotes cell-cycle progression | |
GLUT-1 | Elevates glucose uptake and facilitates tumor growth | ||
hTERT | Activates telomerase and leads to cell immortalization | ||
DNMT3 | Stimulation of DNMT3 downregulates PTEN resulting in Proliferation, invasion, transformation and metastasis | ||
miR-146a | Modulates interferon response | ||
HIF-1α | Mediates for survival and progression of tumor cells | ||
EBV | Bmi-1 | Derives proliferation and cell survival | |
PD-L1 | Leads to malignant cell escape | ||
BRAF-1 | Cyclin D1 | Elevation of Cyclin D1 represses p21WAF1 mediating proliferation and progression of malignant cells | |
miR-146a | Activation of miR-146a inhibits SMAD4 inducing cell proliferation and tumor progression | ||
vFLIP | IMI | Regulates Innate immunity and facilitates KSHV latency | |
EZH2 | Positive regulation of EZH2 increases ephrin-B2 and induce Angiogenesis | ||
miR-146a | Enhancement of miR-146a decrease CXCR4 mRNA, facilitating progenitor release of virally infected endothelial cells | ||
KSHV | vGPCR | IL-8, Gro1, IκB, COX-2, cIAP2, and Bcl2 | Causes anti-apoptotic response, tumor-associated angiogenesis, cell survival, invasion and inflammation |
miR-K12–1 | STAT3/IL-6 | Results in tumor promotion |