Table 1 A summary of pre-clinical studies on the role of TQ in hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth
Cell lines | Animal model | Dose of TQ | Molecular targets | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Rats with Hepatocarcinogenesis-induced by diethylnitrosamine (DENA 200 mg/kg, I.P.). | 50 mg/L in drinking water = 4 mg/kg daily for 7 consecutive days. | GSHPx↑, CAT↑ GST↑ | [32] | |
Rats with hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nistrodiethhylamine (NDEA, 0,01% in drinking water) | 20 mg/kg body weight daily from the 3th to 5th week of treatments. (oral gavage) | Ki67↓, PCNA, Cyclin D1↓, CDK4↓ and p21WAF1/CIP1↑, | [33] | |
HepG2 | 12.5, 25 or 50 M μM for 24 h. | NF-κB↓, IL-8 ↓, ROS↑ NQO1↑ HO-1↑, Bcl-xS↑, TRAIL death receptors↑; Bcl-2↓ | [34] | |
Hep3B, SMMC7721, HepG2, Bel7402, MHCC97-L, MHCC97-H, HHCC | 20,40,60, 80 μM from 24 to 72 h. | Bcl-2↓, Notch1↓, NICD1↓, Jagged1↓, Hes1↓ cyclin D1↓, CDK2↓ p21↑, Bax↑ | [31] | |
Liver tumor xenografts in athymic nude mice (Hep cells) | 5 mg/kg daily (subcutaneously injected); 20 mg/kg daily (subcutaneously injected) for 31 days. | NICD1↓, Bcl-2↓, Notch1↓, p21↑ | [31] |