Table 1 Baseline characteristics: biodata, clinical and laboratory profile of the study patients and controls
From: Risk factors for liver Cancer in HIV endemic areas of Western Kenya
Parameter | Cases–N=257 (Range/%) | Controls –N=257 (Range/%) | P–value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) mean ± SD | 46.2 ± 25.1 (range 15-80) | 37.41 ± 14.9 (22-58) | <0.0001 |
CD4+ cell (350-1600) /μl | 237.7 ± 96.4 [range 50-417] | 626.3 ± 102.32 (409-910) | <0.0001 |
ALT (5-37 IU/L) Mean ±SD | 193.5 ± 215.9 [range 2.9-1327] | 40.1 ± 2.3 (2-57) | <0.0001 |
AST (5-40 IU/L) Mean ±SD | 173.0 ± 142 [range 14-600] | 36.2 ± 7.8 (3-51) | <0.0001 |
α-FP (0-9ng/ml) Mean ±SD | 14,205 ± 58,299[0.5-433,879] | 5 ± 2.9 (0-8) | <0.0001 |
INR (0.67-1.01) Mean ±SD | 1.6 ± 0.5 [range 1.0-2.9] | 0.9 ± 0.2 (0.5-1.01) | <0.0001 |
Aflatoxins(1.0-5.0 ppb) | 28.35 ppb [2(0.77%)] | 0 | N/A |
BMI (kg/m2) Mean ±SD | 21.6 ± 3.1 (range 17.64 – 33.87) | 20.7 ± 2.3 (59-82) | 0.667 |
HBV mono-infection | 40 (15.6%) | 179 (69.6%) | <0.0001 |
HCV mono-infection | 1 (0.38%) | 0 | N/A |
HIV mono-infection | 51 (19.8%) | 28 (10.9%) | 0.3097 |
HBV/HIV co-infection | 58 (22.6%) | 0 | N/A |
HCV/HIV co-infection | 0 | 0 | N/A |
HCC No risk factor or HIV | 93 (36.1%) | 10 (3.4%) | 0.0365 |
Excess alcohol intake | 7 (2.7%) | 21(8.2) | 0.6173 |
Positive family history (genetic) of HCC | 5 (2%) | 0 | N/A |