Table 1 Clinical Characteristics of Children with Endemic HIV-Negative KS vs HIV-Related KS
Epidemiologic subtype of kaposi sarcoma | Endemic | HIV-related | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of Patients | 20 | 70 | |
Number of Females | 6 (30%) | 35 (50%) | 0.11a |
Median Age in years (range) | 9.3 (2.0–16.3) | 8.4 (1.7–17.9) | 0.57b |
Pathology Confirmation | 8 (40%) | 14 (20%) | 0.07a |
Clinical Site(s) of KS Involvement | |||
Lymph Node | 10 (50%) | 52 (74%) | 0.03a |
Hyperpigmented Skin Lesions | 9 (45%) | 42 (60%) | 0.21a |
Woody Edema | 8 (40%) | 17 (24%) | 0.18a |
Flesh Colored Subcutaneous Nodules | 7 (35%) | 23 (33%) | 0.89a |
Oral | 1 (5%) | 20 (29%) | 0.03c |
Lymph Node ONLY | 5 (25%) | 18 (26%) | 0.95a |
Visceral | 0 | 11 (16%) | 0.06c |
Disseminated (ie ≥20) Hyperpigmented Skin/Oral Lesions | 4 (20%) | 7 (10%) | 0.26c |
Anemia (hemoglobin < 8) at KS diagnosis | 9 (45%) | 25 (37%) * | 0.54a |
Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100) at KS diagnosis | 8 (40%) | 19 (28%) * | 0.32a |
Treatment Outcome | |||
Alive in Complete Remission | 9 (45%) | 33 (47%) | 0.31c |
Alive with Stable Disease | 4 (20%) | 6 (9%) | |
Death | 7 (35%) | 31 (44%) | |
Lilongwe Pediatric KS Staging Classification* | |||
Stage 1A (mild cutaneous/oral KS) | 0 | 0 | 0.08c |
Stage 1B (moderate cutaneous/oral KS) | 4 (20%) | 3 (4%) | |
Stage 2 (lymphadenopathic KS) | 6 (30%) | 34 (50%) | |
Stage 3 (woody edema KS) | 6 (30%) | 14 (21%) | |
Stage 4 (visceral and/or disseminated KS) | 4 (20%) | 17 (25%) | |