Table 1 Baseline Characteristics by HIV and Immunological level (CD4 count) in both HIV-infected (HIV [+]) and -uninfected {HIV [-]) women

Age, years, mean ± SD

42.0 ± 8.2

40.0 ± 6.6

<0.001

40.1 ± 6.7

40.8 ± 6.5

39.7 ± 6.5

0.21

Age category, years, n (%)

<0.001

0.17

 Age 30 – 34

299 (22.8)

278 (22.6)

81 (23.4)

51 (18.8)

16 (18.2)

 Age 35 – 39

279 (21.3)

359 (29.3)

101 (29.2)

76 (28.0)

35 (39.8)

 Age 40 – 44

237 (18.1)

295 (24.0)

80 (23.1)

63 (23.3)

17 (19.3)

 Age 45 – 49

211 (16.1)

171 (13.9)

49 (14.2)

49 (18.1)

13 (14.8)

Age at sexual initiation, years, n (%)

<0.001

0.01

 Age <14

16 (4.2)

30 (10.2)

5 (5.1)

7 (11.9)

7 (28.0)

 Age 14 – 25

338 (89.7)

258 (87.8)

92 (93.9)

49 (83.0)

17 (68.0)

Age at first pregnancy, years ± SD

21.1 ± 3.7

20.1 ± 3.6

<0.001

20.3 ± 3.6

20.0 ± 3.7

19.4 ± 3.4

0.25

Lifetime sexual partners

<0.001

0.59

 1- 2 sexual partners

1132 (86.4)

616 (50.2)

179 (51.7)

126 (46.5)

43 (48.9)

 ≥3 sexual partners

179 (13.6)

612 (49.8)

167 (48.3)

145 (535)

45 (51.1)

Number of children delivered, n (%)

<0.001

0.01

 0 – 2

300 (23.7)

448 (39.6)

130 (41.3)

117 (47.8)

37 (44.6)

 3 – 4

500 (39.5)

464 (41.0)

122 (38.7)

93 (37.9)

33 (39.7)

 5 – 12

466 (36.8)

219 (19.4)

63 (20.0)

35 (14.3)

13 (15.7)

Rape, n (%)

<0.001

0.46

 Yes

187 (14.3)

409 (33.3)

124 (35.8)

85 (31.4)

33 (37.5)

 No

1123 (85.7)

819 (66.7)

222 (64.2)

186 (68.6)

55 (62.5)

Menopause, n (%)

<0.001

0.58

 Yes

219 (16.7)

111 (9.0)

26 (7.5)

28 (10.3)

7 (8.0)

 No

1092 (83.3)

1117 (91.0)

320 (92.5)

243 (89.7)

81 (92.0)

Polygamous relationship, n (%)

0.01

0.81

 Yes

60 (9.2)

34 (14.9)

8 (12.1)

8 (15.4)

3 (21.4)

 No

593 (90.8)

194 (85.1)

58 (87.9)

44 (84.6)

11 (78.6)

Ever used hormonal contraceptives, n (%)

0.002

< 0.001

 Yes

393 (30.1)

305 (24.8)

86 (24.9)

45 (16.6)

20 (22.7)

 No

912 (69.9)

922 (75.2)

260 (75.1)

226 (83.4)

68 (77.3)

Ever used tobacco, n (%)

<0.001

0.57

 Yes

221 (16.9)

57 (4.6)

11 (3.2)

13 (4.8)

5 (5.8)

 No

1089 (83.1)

1169 (95.4)

335 (96.8)

258 (95.2)

81 (94.2)

Antiretroviral therapy, n (%)

< 0.001

 Yes

N/A

948 (78.1)

273 (79.6)

274 (92.2)

82 (93.2)

 No

N/A

266 (21.9)

70 (20.4)

21 (7.8)

6 (6.8)

Malaria within 6 months, n (%)

<0.001

0.28

 Yes

185 (14.0)

95 (7.8)

23 (6.6)

16 (5.9)

5 (5.7)

 No

112 4(86.0)

1133 (92.2)

323 (93.4)

255 (94.1)

83 (94.3)

BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m ^{^2}

21.9 ± 3.7

22.6 ± 3.8

<0.001

22.7 ± 3.8

22.1 ± 3.8

22.0 ± 3.4

0.01

BMI, n (%), kg/m ²

<0.001

0.38

 12.5 – 18.5

136 (15.7)

135 (11.6)

41 (12.4)

38 (14.3)

11 (12.6)

 18.5 – 21.0

243 (28.1)

282 (24.3)

77 (23.3)

68 (25.6)

24 (27.6)

 > 21 – 39.5

486 (56.2)

744 (64.1)

212 (64.3)

160 (60.1)

52 (59.8)

HrHPV infection, n (%)*

<0.001

0.02

 Yes

107 (8.2)

390 (31.8)

103 (29.8)

91 (33.6)

40 (45.5)

 No

1,204 (91.8)

838 (68.2)

243 (70.3)

180 (66.4)

48 (54.5)