Infectious Agents and Cancer

Table 1 Selected characteristics of cases and controls, Shanghai, China

From: Chronic typhoid infection and the risk of biliary tract cancer and stones in Shanghai, China

			Biliary Tract Cancer						Biliary Stones
Characteristics	Controls		Gallbladder		Extrahepatic Bile Duct		Ampulla of Vater		Gallbladder Stones		Bile Duct Stones
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
Total	859	100.0	262	100.0	140	100.0	55	100.0	728	100.0	249	100.0
Age
<55	113	13.2	36	13.7	21	15.0	5	9.1	230	31.6*	56	22.5*
55 - 64	247	28.8	64	24.4	37	26.4	13	23.6	207	28.4	75	30.1
≥65	499	58.1	162	61.8	82	58.6	37	67.3	291	40.0	118	47.4
Sex
Male	335	39.0	72	27.5*	84	60.0*	30	54.6*	250	34.3*	120	48.2
Female	524	61.0	190	72.5	56	40.0	25	45.5	478	65.7	129	51.8
Education (% > Middle school)	293	34.1	57	21.8	45	32.4	16	29.1	313	43.0	94	37.8
Smoking (%)†	259	30.2	69	26.4	63	45.0*	25	45.5*	177	24.3*	92	37.0
Alcohol Use (%)‡	177	20.6	42	16.0	45	32.1*	14	25.5	110	15.1*	48	19.4
Diabetes (%)	71	8.3	34	13.0*	12	8.6	3	5.5	78	10.7*	29	11.7*
Hypertension (%)	360	41.9	94	35.9	41	29.3*	14	25.5*	249	34.2	70	28.1*
Gallstones (%)	150	17.5	222	84.7*	93	66.4*	29	52.7*	-	-	-	-
Body Mass Index (% ≥25.0)	251	29.3	104	39.9	32	22.9	19	34.6	271	37.3	90	36.3

* Chi-sq test comparing cases and controls, p < 0.05
† Current smokers, defined as those who were smoking cigarettes regularly at the time of interview
‡ Current drinkers, defined as those drinking alcohol regularly at the time of interview

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