A case-cohort study of human herpesvirus 8 seropositivity and incident prostate cancer in Tobago

Table 2 Case and sub-cohort group characteristics, with sub-cohort rate of HHV-8 seropositivity, according to baseline characteristic

	Cases (n = 96)		Sub-cohort (n = 415)		Sub-cohort HHV-8 Pos
Characteristic	n¹	Col %	n¹	Col %	n¹	Row %	p-value²
Demographic							< .0001
Age (years)
40-49	12	12.5	200	48.2	7	3.5
50-59	37	38.5	110	26.5	15	13.6
60-81	47	49.0	105	25.3	24	22.9
Education			(2)		(0)		0.83
≤11 years	77	80.2	318	77.0	36	11.3
12+ years	19	19.8	95	23.0	10	10.5
Marital status							0.48
ever married	82	85.4	336	81.0	39	11.6
never married	14	14.6	79	19.0	7	8.9
Family history of ...
Prostate cancer							0.80
missing	5	5.2	32	7.7	4	12.5
yes	5	5.2	27	6.5	2	7.4
no	86	89.6	356	85.8	40	11.2
History of ...
Smoking			(1)		(0)		0.029
yes	34	35.4	170	41.1	12	7.1
no	62	64.6	244	58.9	34	13.9
Benign prostatic hypertrophy	(3)		(8)		(0)		0.039
yes	10	10.8	25	6.1	6	24.0
no	83	89.2	382	93.9	40	10.5
Entry prostate cancer screen
PSA (ng/mL)							0.010
0.0-0.9	7	7.3	197	47.5	15	7.6
1.0-1.9	27	28.1	140	33.7	17	12.1
2.0-3.9	36	37.5	55	13.3	7	12.7
≥ 4.0	26	27.1	23	5.5	7	30.4
DRE							0.34
missing	4	4.2	48	11.6	4	8.3
positive	29	30.2	54	13.0	9	16.7
negative	63	65.6	313	75.4	33	10.5
DRE positive and/or PSA ≥ 4 ng/mL							0.009
yes	42	43.8	70	16.9	14	20.0
no	54	56.3	345	83.1	32	9.3
Study-specific
HHV-8 sero-status
positive	17	17.7	46	11.1
negative	79	82.3	369	88.9

PSA - prostate-specific antigen, DRE - digital rectal examination, HHV-8 - human herpesvirus 8
1. Numbers in parentheses indicate missing data
2. Statistical significance (chi-square) of differences in HHV-8 seropositivity according to baseline characteristic

ISSN: 1750-9378