Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings

Table 2 The association between HIV infection and specific cancer types^†

Adjusted prevalence of HIV infection (%)^‡
	Estimate	95% CI*
Burkitt lymphoma (n = 269)	9.1	(6.0 to 13.2)
Kaposi sarcoma (n = 29)	81.8	(63.1 to 93.6)
Non-Burkitt non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 33)	8.9	(1.8 to 24.0)
All other cancers (n = 164)	3.5	(1.3 to 7.6)
Odds ratio for specific cancer given HIV infection compared to baseline ^§ group
	Odds ratio	95% CI	p -value
Burkitt lymphoma (n = 269)	2.2	(0.8 to 6.4)	0.132
Kaposi sarcoma (n = 29)	93.5	(26.9 to 324.4)	<0.001
Non-Burkitt non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 33)	4.4	(1.1-17.9)	0.038

^†Individual logistic regression models of the risk of having a specific cancer based on HIV seroprevalence compared to the 'all other cancers' group were adjusted for age class and gender; patients diagnosed with nephroblastoma, retinoblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma have been included in the all other cancers group; patients with missing age, gender or HIV status have been excluded. ^‡Prevalence standardised to a population 50% female and 50% over 5 years old. *Exact binomial confidence limits. ^§Baseline group includes 'all other cancers' and non-malignant conditions.
NOTE: When analyses were repeated restricting to those cases with a laboratory confirmation of diagnosis, the results materially similar: Burkitt lymphoma OR 2.0, 95% CI 0.5-7.7; Kaposi sarcoma OR 46.9, 95% 3.5-631.1; Non-Burkitt non-Hodgkin lymphoma OR 3.6, 95% CI 0.6-21.5.

ISSN: 1750-9378