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Table 3 Multinomial logistic regression model for association of classic Kaposi sarcoma (cKS) and KS-associated herpesvirus with exposures to individual plants and soils, adjusted for core-model variables.*

From: Risk of classic Kaposi sarcoma with exposures to plants and soils in Sicily

 

cKS cases

KSHV-negative controls

KSHV + controls*

Plant and soil variables†

N

OR*

95% CI

P trend

N

OR*

95% CI

P trend

N

Taraxacum officinale

         

   ≥100 contacts

9

1.50

0.43 - 5.23

0.04

80

1.71

0.61 - 4.80

0.06

7

   <100 contacts

39

3.59

1.60 - 8.03

 

217

2.03

1.01 - 4.10

 

16

   Zero contacts

74

Ref

  

455

Ref

  

65

Datura stramonium

         

   Any

11

4.26

1.09 - 16.70

0.05

70

2.21

0.63 - 7.79

0.22

5

   None

111

Ref

  

682

Ref

  

83

Lupinus albus

         

   ≥100 contacts

16

3.58

1.01 - 12.65

0.07

91

2.85

1.00 - 8.08

0.19

8

   <100 contacts

72

1.27

0.52 - 3.07

 

440

1.26

0.63 - 2.53

 

55

   Zero contacts

34

Ref

  

221

Ref

  

25

Acanthus mollis

         

   ≥100 contacts

3

0.45

0.08 - 2.53

0.10

39

0.90

0.29 - 2.82

0.92

6

   <100 contacts

11

0.53

0.20 - 1.42

 

119

1.09

0.49 - 2.42

 

11

   Zero contacts

108

Ref

  

594

Ref

  

71

Matricaria chamomilla compositae

         

   ≥100 contacts

11

0.29

0.10 - 0.85

0.02

125

0.99

0.44 - 2.22

0.81

12

   <100 contacts

64

0.62

0.29 - 1.32

 

410

0.88

0.47 - 1.64

 

49

   Zero contacts

47

Ref

  

217

Ref

  

27

Eutric regosol and/or lithosol

         

   ≥17

28

8.32

2.31 - 29.97

0.01

139

2.35

0.98 - 5.64

0.16

15

   <17

15

0.84

0.30 - 2.40

 

159

1.09

0.49 - 2.43

 

20

   None

79

Ref

  

454

Ref

  

53

Chromic and/or pellic vertisol

         

   ≥ 45

33

3.03

0.94 - 9.78

0.04

208

1.33

0.50 - 3.57

0.55

27

   < 45

40

2.18

0.72 - 6.61

 

252

1.92

0.78 - 4.71

 

32

   None

49

Ref

  

292

Ref

  

29

Rendzina

         

   ≥15

3

0.16

0.03 - 0.87

0.01

36

0.34

0.10 - 1.13

0.02

5

   <15

6

0.41

0.09 - 1.81

 

43

0.45

0.15 - 1.38

 

8

   None

79

Ref

  

673

Ref

  

75

Orthic luvisol

         

   ≥47

35

0.29

0.08 - 1.01

0.01

252

0.63

0.24 - 1.63

0.12

34

   <47

36

0.58

0.21 - 1.60

 

246

1.22

0.28 - 2.81

 

30

   None

51

Ref

  

254

Ref

  

24

Vertic cambisol

         

   ≥12

12

0.66

0.15 - 2.79

0.10

127

0.88

0.28 - 2.81

0.18

16

   <12

31

0.43

0.15 - 1.22

 

158

0.23

0.10 - 0.54

 

29

   None

79

Ref

  

467

Ref

  

43

Eutric cambisol

         

   ≥157

36

0.22

0.05 - 1.06

0.13

293

0.39

0.12 - 1.31

0.29

43

   <157

54

0.79

0.24 - 0.17

 

300

0.59

0.59 - 1.61

 

33

   None

32

Ref

  

159

Ref

  

12

  1. * Odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI), with KSHV+ controls as referent group, are adjusted for all variables shown, as well as those in the "core model" (Table 1). † Luminescence-weighted soil values in childhood communities, as described in Methods.