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Table 3 Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models for predictors of first AIDS-defining cancer diagnosis

From: HIV and cancer: a comparative retrospective study of Brazilian and U.S. clinical cohorts

 

INI (n = 57)

VCCC (n = 47)

N#

HR

95% CI

Pvalue

aHR

95% CI

Pvalue

N#

HR

95% CI

Pvalue

aHR

95% CI

Pvalue

Female sex (ref = male)

57

0.3

0.1-0.6

<0.01

0.3

0.1-0.7

<0.01

47

0.3

0.1-0.8

0.02

0.3

0.1-0.8

0.02

HIV transmission risk categories

              

MSM (ref)

28

1.0

     

24

1.0

     

IDU

2

1.6

0.4-6.7

0.51

   

6

1.1

0.4-2.6

0.90

   

Heterosexual males

14

0.7

0.4-1.4

0.31

   

3

0.4

0.1-1.4

0.17

   

Heterosexual females

76

0.3

0.1-0.6

<0.01

   

4

0.3

0.1-0.9

0.03

   

All others

6

1.6

0.7-3.9

0.29

   

10

1.2

0.6-2.5

0.64

   

Age at clinic entry (per 10 years)

57

1.3

1.1-1.6

0.01

1.3

1.0-1.3

0.04

47

0.9

0.7-1.1

0.30

0.8

0.6-1.1

0.16

Non-white race (ref = white)

57

1.1

0.7-1.9

0.64

   

47

0.5

0.3-0.9

0.03

   

CD4+ lymphocyte count nadir (cells/μL)§

              

≥200 (ref)

10

1.0

     

14

1.0

     

<200

39

4.6

2.3-9.4

<0.01

   

31

3.7

1.9-7.2

<0.01

   

Missing

8

3.3

1.3-7.9

0.01

   

2

1.3

0.3-5.8

0.73

   

CD4+ lymphocyte count (cells/μL)§

              

≥200 (ref)

12

1.0

  

1.0

  

13

1.0

  

1.0

  

50-199

16

6.8

3.2-14.7

<0.01

5.8

2.6-13.0

<0.01

8

3.0

1.2-7.3

0.02

2.9

1.1-7.5

0.03

<50

14

16.5

7.2-37.6

<0.01

13.7

5.9-31.9

<0.01

13

10.6

4.9-23.2

<0.01

9.5

4.0-22.8

<0.01

Missing

15

3.8

1.8-8.0

<0.01

3.9

1.8-8.5

<0.01

13

1.3

0.6-2.9

0.52

1.4

0.6-3.4

0.39

Log10 HIV RNA level (per unit)§

37

1.2

1.1-1.3

<0.01

   

34

1.7

1.2-2.3

<0.01

   

Cumulative time of log10 HIV RNA ≥ 5.0 (per 6 months)§

57

1.5

1.1-1.9

<0.01

1.2

0.9-1.6

0.31

47

1.4

1.2-1.7

<0.01

1.1

0.8-1.4

0.55

Year of clinic enrollment

57

1.0

0.9-1.1

0.98

1.0

0.9-1.1

0.67

47

1.0

0.9-1.0

0.19

1.0

0.9-1.1

0.56

Hepatitis C virus infection

52

1.2

0.5-2.8

0.70

   

47

0.8

0.4-2.0

0.70

   

Hepatitis B virus infection

50

1.7

0.7-4.2

0.28

   

47

1.0

0.3-3.2

0.96

   

History of tobacco use

28

1.0

0.5-2.1

1.00

   

25

1.5

0.6-3.5

0.38

   

Cancer prior to clinic entry

57

0

-

-

   

47

2.6

0.8-8.4

0.11

   

ART exposure prior to clinic entry

57

1.4

0.8-2.4

0.23

   

47

0.7

0.4-1.3

0.25

   
  1. §Time-updated covariate.
  2. #Number of events included in model.
  3. Abbreviations:
  4. INI: Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
  5. VCCC: Vanderbilt Comprehensive Care Clinic, Nashville, TN, USA.
  6. HR: hazard ratio.
  7. aHR: adjusted hazard ratio.
  8. CI: confidence interval.
  9. MSM: men who have sex with men.
  10. IDU: injection drug use.
  11. ART: antiretroviral therapy.