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Table 2 Characteristics of lung, liver, and head and neck NADC patients by HIV status, 2010-2014a

From: Changing Patterns of lung, liver, and head and neck non-AIDS-defining cancers relative to HIV status in Tanzania between 2002-2014

 

HIV-negative

(N = 189)

N (%)

HIV-positive

(N = 81)

N (%)

P valueb

HIV-positive vs. -negative

OR (95% CI)c

HIV-positive vs. -negative

HIV-unknown

(N = 857)

N (%)

P valueb

HIV-unknown vs.-negative

OR (95% CI)c

HIV-unknown vs. -negative

Female

65 (34.4%)

48 (59.3%)

0.0001*

2.78 (1.63, 4.74)

297 (34.7%)

0.9449

1.01 (0.73, 1.41)

Mean Age ± SD

48.1 ± 15.6

47.6 ± 12.6

0.7878

1.00 (0.98, 1.02)

56.3 ± 15.7

<0.0001*

1.03 (1.02, 1.05)

Residence in Dar es Salaam

72 (38.1%)

41 (50.6%)

0.0560

1.67 (0.99, 2.82)

335 (39.1%)

0.7768

1.05 (0.76, 1.45)

Advanced cancer staged

115 (60.8%)

42 (51.9%)

n/a

n/a

498 (58.1%)

0.0447*

0.26 (0.06, 1.08)

Cancer Treatment Modality

 Radiotherapy

111 (58.7%)

56 (69.1%)

0.1221

1.59 (0.88, 2.85)

603 (70.4%)

0.0023*

1.70 (1.21, 2.39)

 Chemotherapy

97 (51.3%)

44 (54.3%)

0.6498

1.13 (0.70, 1.95)

433 (50.5%)

0.7092

0.94 (0.68, 1.30)

Tuberculosis

20 (10.6%)

19 (23.5%)

0.0364*

2.31 (1.05, 2.12)

55 (6.4%)

0.2532

0.71 (0.39, 1.28)

Co-morbiditiese

 Mean count ± SD

0.59 ± 0.80

0.41 ± 0.75

0.0679

0.74 (0.52, 1.05)

0.44 ± 0.74

0.0720

0.80 (0.65, 0.95)

Smoking Status

 Ever use

71 (37.6%)

19 (23.5%)

0.0492*

0.54 (0.29, 1.00)

339 (39.6%)

0.4543

1.14 (0.81, 1.62)

 Never

84 (44.4%)

42 (51.9%)

-

-

351 (41.0%)

-

-

Alcohol use

 Ever use

80 (42.3%)

29 (35.8%)

0.8749

1.07 (0.58, 2.00)

356 (41.5%)

0.6032

1.10 (0.77, 1.56)

 Never

74 (39.2%)

25 (30.9%)

-

-

300 (35.0%)

-

-

Recurrence

9 (4.76%)

1 (1.2%)

0.2904

0.25 (0.03, 2.01)

31 (3.6%)

0.4577

0.75 (0.35, 1.60)

Subsequent cancer diagnoses

35 (18.5%)

15 (18.5%)

1.0000

1.00 (0.51, 1.95)

109 (12.7%)

0.0362*

0.64 (0.42, 0.97)

Recorded Death

28 (14.8%)

17 (21.0%)

0.2123

1.53 (0.78, 2.98)

104 (12.14%)

0.3153

0.79 (0.51, 1.25)

  1. aMultinomial logistic regression comparing HIV-positive and HIV-unknown to HIV-negative patient group
  2. bChi-squared tests/Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables; t-tests/Wilcoxin rank-sum tests for continuous variables
  3. cOdds Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) calculated using multinomial logistic regression models (Reference = HIV-negative)
  4. dDefined as stages 3–4 and metastatic malignancies, % represents reported pathology department diagnosis
  5. eComorbidities include malaria, pleural effusion, pneumonia, ascites, syphilis, liver cysts, oral thrush, oral ulcers, sinusitis, yellow fever, etc
  6. *Significant at alpha <0.05
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Infectious Agents and Cancer

ISSN: 1750-9378

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