Predictors of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi’s sarcoma: a case report

Table 1 Characteristics of the 12 male KS patients at study entry

	KS-IRIS (N = 1)	KS (N = 11)^a
Demographics		Median (IQR)
Age (years)	39	35 (31.5–53)
Risk factor		N
Homosexual transmission	1	9
Bisexual transmission		1
Heterosexual transmission		1
KS staging
T₀I₀S₀	1	1
T₁I₀S₀		3
T₁I₀S₁		2
T₀I₁S₁		1
T₁I₁S₁		4
HIV- and HHV8-related parameters		Median (IQR)
CD4 cell count (cells/μl)	360	190 (80–335)
HIV plasma load (log₁₀ copies/ml)	4.09	4.97 (3.89–5.31)
HHV8 PBMC load (GE/10⁵ cells)	76	100 (26.50–160.75)
HHV8 plasma load (log₁₀ GE/ml)	6.16^b	3.48 (3.26–3.76)
HHV8 saliva load (log₁₀ GE/10⁵ cells)	4.95	2.87 (1.84–4.14)
HHV8 ORF65 antibodies^c	< 50	400 (100–800)
HHV8 LANA antibodies^c	12,800	800 (250–4,800)

KS-IRIS Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, KS Kaposi’s sarcoma, IQR interquartile range, HHV8 human herpesvirus 8, PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells, GE genome equivalents, ORF65 open reading frame 65, encoding for a structural protein expressed during the lytic phase, LANA latency-associated nuclear antigen. ^aIn the KS group, data are expressed as median (interquartile range) calculated on the measurable samples. ^bSignificantly higher in the KS-IRIS case vs. KS group (p = 0.01). To perform statistical analysis, samples in which HIV RNA (N = 2) could not be detected were assigned an arbitrary value of log₁₀40, specimens in which HHV8 ORF65 antibodies (N = 3) were not detected an arbitrary value of 40, and those in which HHV8 GE were not detected (PBMC, N = 3; plasma, N = 1; saliva, N = 1) were assigned an arbitrary value of 5 (PBMC) or log₁₀5. ^cAntibody titers were determined using 1:50 as first dilution, and are expressed as reciprocal of the highest dilution giving a positive result

ISSN: 1750-9378