Infectious Agents and Cancer

Table 6 Risk of adenocarcinoma of the cervix according to different human papillomavirus (HPV) types and HIV serology

From: HPV types, HIV and invasive cervical carcinoma risk in Kampala, Uganda: a case-control study

	HIV-negative women						HIV-positive women
HPV types	Cases (N = 28)		Controls (N = 251)				Cases (N = 4)		Controls (N = 52)
	HPV		HPV				HPV		HPV
	+	-	+	-	OR^a	95% CI	+	-	+	-	OR^a	95% CI
High-risk^b	24	3	53	216	39.5	13.6-153.8	2	0	19	33	8.8	0.7-1235
16	8	19	7	244	11.0	3.6-34.2	2	0	3	49	108.2	>4.0ⁱ
18	10	17	2	249	57.9	14.8-327.8	0	2	6	46	1.3	<20.8^j
31	1	26	2	249	2.8	0.2-24.2	0	2	1	51	6.0	<149.8^j
33	0	27	2	249	1.8	<23.7^j	0	2	3	49	3.5	<71.4^j
45	4	23	0	251	251.3	>22.2ⁱ	0	2	0	52	^k	^k
Low-risk^c	1	26	18	233	0.7	0.1-3.2	2	0	6	46	1.4	<19.8^j
Single inf.^d	7	20	38	213	14.5	6.0-38.2	2	0	11	41	15.0	1.2-2086
Multiple inf.^e	4	23	9	242	5.0	1.3-16.9	2	0	11	41	0.9	<11.0^j
16-related^f	9	18	22	229	4.3	1.6-10.5	2	0	14	38	12.8	1.0-1794
18-related^g	16	11	7	244	42.2	15.0-133.8	0	2	7	45	1.3	<17.8^j
Any HPV^h	24	3	66	185	18.3	6.4-70.0	2	0	29	23	4.0	0.3-565.6

^a All ORs are age-adjusted.
^b High-risk HPV: 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, 73.
^c Low-risk HPV: 6, 11, 34, 40, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, 66, 70, 74.
^d Single infection: infection with any of the HPV types above.
^e Multiple infections: infections with at least two different HPV types.
^f HPV16-related: includes HPV16, 31, 33, 35, 52 and 58.
^g HPV18-related: includes HPV18, 45, 59 and 68.
^h Any HPV infection: infection with any of the HPV types above.
ⁱ Indicate only lower limit value of 95% CI.
^j Indicate only upper limit value of 95% CI.
^k Could not be estimated due to lack of cases with known HIV status.
Abbreviations: inf: infections, OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval.

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